The Development Process of Miner's lamp

There is a bright place, there is human civilization. Tens of thousands of years ago, mankind already knew to use natural fire to keep warm, barbecue and lighting. More than three thousand years ago, humans began to use simple lamps to carry fire and candles and write a history of civilization. From the rough stone lamp to the bronze lamp, ceramic lamp to electric lamp, the historical changes of lamps and lanterns marked a profound imprint of the times, but also a microcosm of social economy and culture.

    Humphrey David is an American chemist. Due to several terrible explosions at the then Caldwell mine in the United Kingdom that caused the deaths of thousands of miners, the coal company promulgated special rewards to ensure operational safety in the mine, Inventor. The company's general manager specifically asked David to help them solve the problem. Box sent him a trial of "explosive gas", which is a dangerous gas. In fact, his composition is an explosive mixture of two volumes of hydrogen and one volume of oxygen. David and his assistant Faraday repeatedly studied the nature and characteristics of the gas and the conditions that caused it to explode when it burned.

    Their research lasted almost a whole year, and they thought of using thin tubes to introduce the air needed to sustain the miner's lamp into the lamp through thin tubes, and then to exhaust the gas through the thin tubes. When the tube is fine to a certain extent, even if such blasting gas is present in the mine, it will not explode due to his presence and contact with the lamp flame. They repeatedly observed the change in flame size when using different tubes and conducted a series of systematic experiments. In early 1816, a safety miner's lamp was finally designed.

    This miner's lamp is very effective. David replaces the glass cover of the miner's lamp with a metal mesh with a small mesh so that the flames do not leak to the gas leak and gas can flow freely through the hole. Soon, the lights were used extensively in coal mines, and miners were freed from frightening threats.

    Due to the invention of this safety miner's lamp, David also won the Longford medal.

    Although David's research involved all aspects, he had never relaxed the study of electricity because at that time some phenomena concerning electricity had not been satisfactorily explained. The nature of electricity has not been clearly defined and must be continuously repeated experiment. Although he and Faraday, the famous Danish physicist Oster and other scientists have made some achievements, they are only the beginning. Therefore, David kept on exploring the electricity secrecy for almost an entire lifetime. David has a laboratory dedicated to the phenomenon of electricity, which has a variety of measuring instruments, special vessels and other instruments that measure the conductivity of objects.

   "The resistance of a conductor to current varies with the conductor, and the resistance can be an additional feature of the conductor material." David concluded the long-term experiment. Faraday raised another objection: "There is no doubt that there is a difference in resistance, but at the moment I can not see its regularity." David thinks: "Indeed, a generalization of the different substances , But the problem is much simpler to solve for a single substance, and we have some information in this regard. "So Faraday walked to the table and wrote several dense numbers , Fully demonstrated the resistance of the material they studied, depending on the length and cross-section of the conductor. When the temperature rises, the resistance will increase.

    Humphrey David's life is very rich. From the age of 17, he began his studies in apprenticeship chemistry, read a large number of chemical books, he was quick-witted, rich in the ability to create and practice, that has made brilliant achievements. Chemically, his greatest contribution in his life was to open up new avenues for the preparation of metal elements by electrolysis: that is, using a voltaic cell to study the chemical effects of electricity, electrolysis of caustic that had previously failed to decompose, and potassium and sodium Also made of barium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and other alkaline earth metals. He later made boron from strong reducing potassium; he also conducted in-depth research on gases and discovered an noxious and stimulating "nitrous oxide" nitrous oxide, which is very useful for the development of science. He experimentally proved that chlorine is a chemical element. It is proposed that the indispensable element of acid is hydrogen, not oxygen. It has amended the view that "the acid in the acid must contain oxygen" in Lavoisier. He invented the coal mine safety light to benefit mine workers.

    With the progress of science and technology, new miner's lamp is available one by one, LED miner's lamp, methane warning lamp, integrated headlight, lithium miner's lamp, explosion-proof roadway lamp and so on are quickly used in every corner of coal miners and coal mines. Miner'slamp marks a historic change in mining lighting tools. As a replacement of the previous incandescent light source, to avoid the mine lamp caused by gas explosion and protect miners eyesight; replace lead-acid batteries, which can effectively reduce the workload of miners; and now the miner's lamp is the power of traditional lamp 30% Above, can effectively save energy; no maintenance, charging more convenient and quick. More convenient for workers to use.

    China's scientific and technological level has entered the advanced ranks. China's miner's lamp development will surely have even more rapid development in the near future and will provide full protection for the safety of underground workers.